In this model, continuous casting processing of a metal rod from melted to solid state is modeled. The model describes the fluid and solid flow and heat transport, including the phase transfer from melt to solid. This phase change...
This model treats the free convection and heat transfer of a glass of cold water heated to room temperature. Initially, the glass and the water are at 5 °C and are then put on a table in a room at 25 °C. The nonisothermal flow is...
In this suite of models, temperature distribution and fluid flow field is modeled with the General Heat Transfer and the Non-Isothermal Flow application modes. By modeling the fluid flow and heat transfer simultaneously the convective...
This model treats the free convection of argon gas within a light bulb. It shows the coupling of heat transport (conduction, radiation and convection) to momentum transport (non-isothermal flow) induced by density variations caused by...
In massive forming processes like rolling or extrusion, metal alloys are deformed in a hot solid state with material flowing under ideally plastic conditions. Such processes can be simulated effectively using computational fluid dynamics,...
Boiling flow is an example of phase transition initiated by raising the temperature of a liquid above its saturation temperature. It is possible to accomplish this in many ways; in this example by applying an external heat flux to a solid...
In general, there are two classes of ventilation: mixing ventilation and displacement ventilation. In displacement ventilation, air enters a room at the floor level and displaces warmer air to achieve the desired temperature. Heating...
Small-sized heating circuits are used in many applications. For example, in different manufacturing processes, heating circuits are used to heat reactive fluids. This is a stationary model of a heating circuit, consisting of a thin...
The drive for miniaturizing electronic devices has resulted in today’s extensive use of surface-mount electronic components. An important aspect in electronics design and the choice of materials is a product’s durability and...
The increasing use of wireless equipment has also increased the amount of radiation energy to which human bodies are exposed. A common property that measures absorbed energy is the SAR value, (specific absorption rate) to determine the...