Wave Optics Module Updates
For users of the Wave Optics Module, COMSOL Multiphysics® version 5.5 brings coupled full-wave and ray optics simulations, new Gaussian beam boundary conditions, and new variables for periodic ports. Learn more about the Wave Optics Module updates in more detail below.
Full-Wave and Ray Optics Simulation Coupling
You can now run simultaneous full-wave and ray tracing simulations by combining the Ray Optics Module functionality with your Wave Optics Module simulations. This enables multiscale electromagnetic modeling, such as analyzing a waveguide beaming into a large room, where a full-wave simulation would be computationally prohibitive. To facilitate this coupling, two new features Release from Electric Field and Release from Far-Field Radiation Pattern have been added to the Geometrical Optics interface in the Ray Optics Module that release rays based on either a near or far field from a full-wave simulation. You can see these new features demonstrated in the Ray Release Based on a Plane Electromagnetic Wave model.
Using the Release from Electric Field feature
The image shows the Settings window for the Release from Electric Field feature. The selected electric field is computed by the Electromagnetic Waves, Frequency Domain interface. The Graphics window shows the full-wave simulation (in the left block domain) and the generated rays, colored and deformed based on the rays' local electric field value.
Gaussian Beam Input Option for Scattering and Matched Boundary Conditions
The Scattering and Matched boundary conditions have a new option for the Incident field combo box. Choosing the Gaussian beam option allows for propagation of a Gaussian beam in an arbitrary direction. The Gaussian beam is defined from the paraxial Gaussian beam formula. You can see this new functionality in the Beam Splitter model.
Polarization Plots and Jones Vector Variables
Periodic ports now create a Polarization plot by default. The Polarization plot depicts the polarization state for the different diffraction orders and is based on new postprocessing variables for Jones vector elements. Also, the base vectors, used for defining the Jones vectors, are available for plotting and evaluation. You can see this new functionality in the Hexagonal Grating and Fresnel Equations models.
Polarization plot based on Jones vector elements
Polarization plot for two diffraction orders in the Hexagonal Grating model.
Evanescent Waves for Gaussian Beam Background Fields
When using the Plane wave expansion option for defining a Gaussian beam background field, evanescent waves can now be included in the expansion by selecting an Allow evanescent waves check box. This option can be useful when simulating a tightly focused Gaussian beam, where the spot radius is smaller than the wavelength, propagating away from the focus.
Including evanescent waves in a model
The Settings window shows the Allow evanescent waves check box. The results show the field for a Gaussian beam with a spot radius of half a wavelength.
Slit Ports for the Beam Envelopes Interface
Slit ports are now also available for the Unidirectional formulation for the Electromagnetic Waves, Beam Envelopes interface. Slit ports can be useful if several modes are propagating, but only the reflectance or transmittance of one of the modes is of interest. You can use a domain-backed slit port for the mode of interest and let the rest of the modes be absorbed by a Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) in the domain behind the port.
Cylindrical tapered waveguide
Cylindrical tapered waveguide with mode fields at the two ends that are polarized in slightly different directions. As the right port is a PML-backed slit port, there is no reflection from that port, even though the port mode field is not matched to the mode field for the input port.
Reference Points for Scattering and Matched Boundary Conditions
The Reference Point attribute is now available for the Scattering Boundary Condition and Matched Boundary Condition for the Electromagnetic Waves, Frequency Domain and Electromagnetic Waves, Beam Envelopes interfaces, when an input field is active. The reference position is defined as the average position of the selected points. This feature is mainly useful when the domain material includes absorption or gain.
Using the Reference Point attribute
The Reference Point attribute can be seen as a subnode to the Scattering Boundary Condition feature in the Model Builder window. The Graphics window shows the point selection used for defining the average position. Given the five highlighted points, the average position will appear at the center of the semisphere.
Port Utility
When designing a circuit with an arbitrarily sized feed structure, the cutoff frequency in a waveguide is often overlooked. As a result, the unwanted frequency may accidentally be part of the simulation resulting in unnecessarily long solution times. You can now calculate and remove those frequencies from the simulation. For the Port feature, when using a rectangular or circular port, you can compute the waveguide cutoff frequency based on a user-defined relative permeability.
New and Updated Tutorial Models
Version 5.5 brings several new and updated tutorial models.
Total Internal Reflection
Gaussian beam propagating through a light guide
Propagation of a Gaussian beam, launched at a nonnormal angle of incidence, through a light guide. The beam is reflected due to total internal reflection.
Application Library Title:
total_internal_reflection
Orbital Angular Momentum Beam
Laguerre Gaussian beam
This model simulates a Laguerre Gaussian beam with the Electromagnetic Waves, Beam Envelopes interface, using the unidirectional wave formulation. The input beam is a focusing Gaussian beam with a spiral phase distribution.
Application Library Title:
orbital_angular_momentum
Frequency-Selective Surface, Periodic Complementary Split Ring Resonator
FSS with a periodic complimentary split ring resonator layer
Frequency-selective surfaces (FSS) are periodic structures with a bandpass or a bandstop frequency response. This example shows that only signals around the center frequency can pass through the periodic complimentary split ring resonator layer.
Application Library Title:
frequency_selective_surface_csrr
Directional Coupler
Directional coupler
This model has been extended to include a third part: approximation of an arbitrary target input field using overlap integrals for calculating the exciting ports' input powers and mode phases. The model is also restructured to keep the physics interfaces, meshes, studies, and plot groups for the three different modeling parts.
Application Library Title:
directional_coupler
Focusing Lens
Focusing lens
The model has been updated to demonstrate how the Transition boundary condition can be used for simulating antireflection (AR) coatings applied to the glass lens surfaces.
Application Library Title:
focusing_lens