Pacemaker Electrode

Application ID: 471


This model illustrates the use of COMSOL Multiphysics for modeling of ionic current distribution problems in electrolytes, in this case in human tissue. The problem is exemplified on a pacemaker electrode, but it can be applied in electrochemical cells like fuel cells, batteries, corrosion protection, or any other process where ionic conduction takes place in the absence of concentration gradients.

The modeled device is a pacemaker electrode that is placed inside the heart and helps the patient’s heart to keep a normal rhythm. The device is referred to as an electrode, but it actually consists of two electrodes: a cathode and an anode. This model deals with the current and potential distribution around one pair of electrodes.

This model example illustrates applications of this type that would nominally be built using the following products: