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Electrode balancing is an important factor in the design of lithium-ion batteries. In this model, use the experimental open-circuit voltage of a cell and some basic assumptions, followed by an optimization solver, to find a proper electrode balancing. Get more details in this ... Read More
The following example is a 2D tutorial model of a lithium-ion battery. The cell geometry is not based on a real application; it is only meant to demonstrate a 2D model setup. Read More
Deposition of metallic lithium on the negative electrode in preference to lithium intercalation is known to be a capacity loss and safety concern for lithium-ion batteries. Harsh charge conditions such as high currents (fast charging) and/or low temperatures can lead to lithium plating. ... Read More
Sodium-ion batteries (SIB) are commonly presented as an alternative to lithium-ion batteries (LIB). The SIB chemistry uses Na+ instead of Li+ for electrolyte charge transport and as redox species in the electrode reactions, with the advantage of Na+ being more abundant and with a ... Read More
Rechargeable lithium-air batteries have recently attracted great interest mainly due to their high energy density. The theoretical value is about 11400 Wh/kg which is around 10 times greater than the lithium-ion batteries. In this tutorial, discharge of a lithium-air battery is ... Read More
Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) is a common positive electrode material in lithium-ion batteries. Specific for the LFP electrode material is that its equilibrium (open circuit) potential, when defined as a function of the lithiation state, features a large flat plateau with a more or less ... Read More
Some positive electrode materials are known to deteriorate in overcharged lithium-ion battery cells. Predominantly, manganese containing electrode materials such as LMO and NMC can loose capacity due to manganese dissolving from the materials at overcharge. This decomposition is a ... Read More
Due to its high capacity, silicon (Si) is often added to graphite in the negative electrode of lithium-ion batteries. Silicon–graphite blended electrodes may exhibit significant thermodynamic voltage hysteresis (“path dependence”) because the equilibrium potential of the lithium–silicon ... Read More
The copper current collector on negative graphite electrodes in lithium-ion batteries have been seen to dissolve at over discharge. This can be a safety concern as the dissolution damages the current collector irreversibly and dissolved copper ions can redeposit and form dendrites. ... Read More
This tutorial uses an equivalent circuit approach for modeling the performance of a lithium-ion battery, requiring no knowledge about the internal chemistry or structure of the battery. A 0D equivalent circuit battery model is defined based on a resistor connected in series with a ... Read More