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Different S11 values for the same frequency

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Hi all,

I simulate a pin-fed patch antenna at 3.5 GHz. When I set Frequency to 3.5[GHz], The S11 value is -28.474 dB. But if I enter range(3.3[GHz],0.1[GHz],3.7[GHz]) phrase into the frequencies text box. I get the following results, which is -23.569 dB at 3.5 GHz.

3.3000  -3.9214
3.4000  -8.0754
3.5000  -23.569
3.6000  -10.408
3.7000  -5.3938

Why are two S11 values different at the same frequency (3.5 GHz) even I don't change anything else?

Thanks.


5 Replies Last Post Jun 12, 2019, 12:46 p.m. EDT
Robert Koslover Certified Consultant

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Posted: 6 years ago May 27, 2019, 10:51 p.m. EDT
Updated: 6 years ago May 27, 2019, 10:50 p.m. EDT

I'm guessing that you may have unknowingly set up the software to allow it to mesh the problem differently in the two cases. Or you may have done something to cause the solver to use the previous solution as a starting value, and then your mesh was too coarse, resulting in inaccurate (but different) results. Take a closer look at your mesh and solver settings. And make sure your mesh is fine enough (wherever it matters) and your solver settings are clearly defined such there shouldn't be dependencies on previous answers. You also might wnat to post your model file for others to look at and offer you advice.

-------------------
Scientific Applications & Research Associates (SARA) Inc.
www.comsol.com/partners-consultants/certified-consultants/sara
I'm guessing that you may have unknowingly set up the software to allow it to mesh the problem differently in the two cases. Or you may have done something to cause the solver to use the previous solution as a starting value, and then your mesh was too coarse, resulting in inaccurate (but different) results. Take a closer look at your mesh and solver settings. And make sure your mesh is fine enough (wherever it matters) and your solver settings are clearly defined such there shouldn't be dependencies on previous answers. You also might wnat to post your model file for others to look at and offer you advice.

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Posted: 6 years ago Jun 12, 2019, 4:39 a.m. EDT

Thank you Robert,

I'h attached an example here. It gives -8.2502 dB for S11 at 2.4 GHz if i use range(2.3 [GHz],0.05 [GHz],2.5 [GHz]) phrase whereas it produces -8.3548 dB at again 2.4 GHz if I use 2.4 [GHz] phrase.

Thank you.

Thank you Robert, I'h attached an example here. It gives -8.2502 dB for S11 at 2.4 GHz if i use **range(2.3 \[GHz],0.05 \[GHz],2.5 \[GHz])** phrase whereas it produces -8.3548 dB at again 2.4 GHz if I use **2.4 \[GHz]** phrase. Thank you.


Robert Koslover Certified Consultant

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Posted: 6 years ago Jun 12, 2019, 11:13 a.m. EDT
Updated: 6 years ago Jun 12, 2019, 11:09 a.m. EDT

The issue is the mesh being different in the two cases. I executed your file on my workstation. Look at this taken from the message log:

Your 5-frequencies case: [Jun 12, 2019 9:54 AM] Used linear geometry shape in 8 mesh elements to avoid inverted curved elements. [Jun 12, 2019 9:54 AM] Used linear geometry shape in 8 mesh elements to avoid inverted curved elements. [Jun 12, 2019 9:54 AM] Number of degrees of freedom solved for: 205306. [Jun 12, 2019 9:55 AM] Solution time (Solution 1 (sol1)): 31 s.

Then, with just a single 2.4 GHz case: [Jun 12, 2019 9:56 AM] Used linear geometry shape in 18 mesh elements to avoid inverted curved elements. [Jun 12, 2019 9:56 AM] Used linear geometry shape in 18 mesh elements to avoid inverted curved elements. [Jun 12, 2019 9:56 AM] Number of degrees of freedom solved for: 205208. [Jun 12, 2019 9:56 AM] Solution time (Study 1): 11 s.

Note the slightly different #'s of degrees of freedom (and also the different count # of inverted elements). You have your mesh settings at the default "physics controlled." If you wish to ensure perfect consistency among your answers to the "same" conditions but in dfferent runs, set it to "user-controlled" and specify meshing details on various surfaces, volumes, etc., that correspond to ensuring adequate details where they are truly needed. A knowlegeable user can do a better job of specifying mesh densities than is done by the automated "physics controlled" rules.

-------------------
Scientific Applications & Research Associates (SARA) Inc.
www.comsol.com/partners-consultants/certified-consultants/sara
The issue is the mesh being different in the two cases. I executed your file on my workstation. Look at this taken from the message log: Your 5-frequencies case: [Jun 12, 2019 9:54 AM] Used linear geometry shape in 8 mesh elements to avoid inverted curved elements. [Jun 12, 2019 9:54 AM] Used linear geometry shape in 8 mesh elements to avoid inverted curved elements. [Jun 12, 2019 9:54 AM] Number of degrees of freedom solved for: 205306. [Jun 12, 2019 9:55 AM] Solution time (Solution 1 (sol1)): 31 s. Then, with just a single 2.4 GHz case: [Jun 12, 2019 9:56 AM] Used linear geometry shape in 18 mesh elements to avoid inverted curved elements. [Jun 12, 2019 9:56 AM] Used linear geometry shape in 18 mesh elements to avoid inverted curved elements. [Jun 12, 2019 9:56 AM] Number of degrees of freedom solved for: 205208. [Jun 12, 2019 9:56 AM] Solution time (Study 1): 11 s. Note the slightly different #'s of degrees of freedom (and also the different count # of inverted elements). You have your mesh settings at the default "physics controlled." If you wish to ensure perfect consistency among your answers to the "same" conditions but in dfferent runs, set it to "user-controlled" and specify meshing details on various surfaces, volumes, etc., that correspond to ensuring adequate details where they are truly needed. A knowlegeable user can do a better job of specifying mesh densities than is done by the automated "physics controlled" rules.

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Posted: 6 years ago Jun 12, 2019, 11:22 a.m. EDT

I think I need to stick on "physics controlled" option for now since I am not a "knowlegeable user" yet :). But at least I understand that there is no problem in my model or comsol usage. Thanks again.

I think I need to stick on "physics controlled" option for now since I am not a "knowlegeable user" yet :). But at least I understand that there is no problem in my model or comsol usage. Thanks again.

Robert Koslover Certified Consultant

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Posted: 6 years ago Jun 12, 2019, 12:46 p.m. EDT
Updated: 6 years ago Jun 12, 2019, 12:43 p.m. EDT

You're welcome.
Note: Please don't assume there are "no problems" in the model setup just because I took a quick look at it. I was simply looking for what might have given the variation in the results that you specifically asked about. I did not investigate whether your model otherwise makes sense or is otherwise properly configured to yield accurate results for the specific geometry, materials, computations, etc., involved. Good luck. :)

-------------------
Scientific Applications & Research Associates (SARA) Inc.
www.comsol.com/partners-consultants/certified-consultants/sara
You're welcome. Note: Please don't assume there are "no problems" in the model setup just because I took a quick look at it. I was simply looking for what might have given the variation in the results that you specifically asked about. I did not investigate whether your model otherwise makes sense or is otherwise properly configured to yield accurate results for the specific geometry, materials, computations, etc., involved. Good luck. :)

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